Biochemical component of quinoa grain depending on the variety

Abstract

The article presents the study results of the biochemical grain component (protein, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, fat, ash, vitamins, minerals) of different quinoa varieties. Quinoa grain contains 57.0–57.6 % of carbohydrates, 14.0–14.6 % of protein, 7.0–9.0 % of dietary fiber, 6.0–7.3 % of fat, and 2.33–2.58 % of ash. The studied quinoa varieties grown in the Right-Bank forest-steppe do not significantly differ in quality. Quinoa grain contained the most vitamin B3 – 1.45–1.59 mg % depending on the variety. However, the integral score was at the level of 10–11 %. 100 g of quinoa grain satisfy the most the biological needs of an adult with vitamins B6, B1 and B2 – by 30–38 % depending on the experiment variant. The integral score of vitamin B5 was 15– 16 % depending on the variety. It should be noted that no significant difference between quinoa varieties was found which is confirmed by the index of complex evaluation – 0.21–0.24. Quinoa grain contains the most potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur and calcium. The content of manganese, zinc, iron and sodium was in the range of 2.0–5.0 mg %. The index of complex evaluation did not change and was 0.11. However, the integral score had a different trend. Thus, 100 g of grain of this crop satisfy the most the biological needs of an adult with magnesium and phosphorus – by 83–88 % depending on the experiment variant. The least with sodium, sulfur and calcium – by 0.1–5.1 %. The integral score for iron was 32–34 %, zinc – 20–25, manganese – 20–21, potassium – 11–13 % depending on the variety. According to the biochemical component, quinoa grain can be used in the technology of gluten-free products.