Evaluation of the effectiveness of the joint use of regenerative and dissipative braking of the car

Abstract

The paper investigates the problem of ways to improve the efficiency of using the energy stored on board an electric vehicle.
The traction electric drive provides tangible advantages in comparison with internal combustion engines, however, it requires the use of an expensive energy storage device. The current state of the traction energy of vehicles forces us to look for new, more energy-efficient approaches to managing the use of energy stored on board the vehicle. Studies of ways to increase the efficiency of using the energy of traction batteries and mechanical energy stored in a vehicle allows us to conclude that a significant proportion of mechanical energy during movement is lost in the dissipative braking system. When braking, the dissipative braking system irrevocably converts mechanical energy into other, unused forms of energy. It is shown that part of the energy spent on acceleration of a vehicle can be returned by using a regenerative braking system. The question of researching the methods of controlling the braking system with the aim of maximizing energy recovery in conjunction with maintaining high braking efficiency remains poorly understood. Determination of the ranges of speeds and intensity of use of recuperative and dissipative braking systems will make it possible to maintain the maximum recuperation mode together with the observance of traffic safety requirements. The paper proposes a method for assessing the efficiency of regenerative braking through the cyclic efficiency, which is equal to the ratio of the energy absorbed by the regenerative braking system to the kinetic energy of the vehicle's translational motion at the initial moment of braking. It is shown that joint braking of a vehicle using regenerative and dissipative braking systems allows for high braking efficiency (especially at low speeds).