Modern problems and directions of landmarking in Ukraine

Abstract

The article deals with the development of agriculture, the main directions of its development, the use of various types of technologies to improve the condition of the soil, the construction of farming systems where the generally accepted laws of agriculture should act, namely: the indispensability and equivalence of life factors; minimum, optimum and maximum; cumulative action and interaction of life factors; the return of nutrients to the soil; fruit change; critical periods. The studies of scientists on the expediency of a normative approach to solving the issue of ecologization of agriculture require substantiation. Agriculture based on scientific research should be energy efficient, low-cost and soil-protective. In this regard, Ukrainian agriculture faces a difficult task in identifying ways of further development. Without going into the subtleties of various areas of modern agriculture, it should be noted that its main goal, by definition, Western European scientists - to produce environmentally friendly and biologically complete products. A guarantee of obtaining such products, according to researchers, is a complete rejection of the use of mineral fertilizers, pesticides and other artificial chemical compounds. With such use of arable land, which exists today in the agriculture of Ukraine, in a few years can lead to disastrous consequences. Today it is already clear to many scientists and agricultural producers: the intensity of the use of land, water and forest resources has a limit which is impractical and dangerous to overstep. The farming systems that need to be introduced should contribute to the realization of the biological, genetic potential of hybrids and varieties of a wide range of crops, harmonize with the agroecosystem, be soil-protective and energy-saving, ensure high crop yield and product quality, preserve soil fertility and reduce the harmful effects of human factors on natural environment.
Therefore, it is necessary to recognize that biological farming has a prospect of development on the lands of our state.