Restoration of the working bodies of cultivating tools by electric arc carbonization

Abstract

This article provides an overview and analysis of the existing methods for increasing the wear resistance of agricultural machinery by manual arc welding, automatic submerged arc welding or protective gas environment, plasma or induction welding. In the article, we have justified the possibility to increase the durability of new or renewal of worn out working bodies of tillage machines, using publicly available welding equipment and less expensive materials. Since the reduction in costs for surface hardening or restoration of working surfaces of agricultural machines becomes possible by increasing hardness of different types of steels based on saturation of carbon during combustion in electric arc on the reverse polarity between the carbon electrode and an iron piece. Here we describe the features of the steel carbonization process with the use of cupric graphite and carbon electrodes of different diameter, pointed at an angle of 60 degrees. We experimentally investigated the carbonization modes samples of structural steel and pointed out the ways of increasing the stabilization of electric arc burning based on ionization of the chemical element and proposed the activation process of electrodes by potassium salts, such as carbonate (K2CO3). We have also presented the results of the machined surfaces strengthening in different ways and installed the tracker strength of the material passes from the number of carbon or graphite electrodes for the current value in the range of 135 to 145 A. We have also experimentally found that the use of activated graphite electrode improves the stability of the arc, and therefore increases the hardness of the coating up to (61 HRC). We have justified the expediency change of the existing mode of activation of the electrode to increase its service life.