Investigation of the stability of motion of mechanical systems in the structural models

Abstract

The task of unstable movement of the machine and tractor aggregate has been considered. It directly influences quality of technological execution operation, including the main index of processing depth and depth of crops, the diagram of a hinge plate of the device on movement of objects to soil-cultivating and sowing mechanical system. Researches of angular stability of the tillage machine in the longitudinally vertical plane experimentally have to be laborious. Loss of operation quality arises more from influence of angular oscillations of the tractor skeleton or a frame of a seeder on angular deviations of a frame plow or the coulter.The most important criterion for evaluation of operation quality of sowing and soil-cultivating aggregates is stability of its movement in the longitudinally vertical plane that provides execution of agrotechnical conditions, that is observance of the given depth and regularity. It was necessary to carry out research for improving of indices of kinematic communication between a stand (a frame of the tractor or a seeder) and a working organ which directly contacts to the soil, as between elements of one mechanical system with determination of gear function of the device and detection of the factors influencing it. The research was begun with development of the skeleton diagram of a mechanical system and its structural analysis. For a mechanical system "the tractor – a hinge plate – a plow" process of origin of vertical and angular oscillations has beenmodelled by means of a progressive cam. The cam has the form which asmodelled too. The mathematical model of kinematic inter-element coupling of system on the basis of the received skeleton diagrams is constructed. The method of closed vectorial circuits for the analytical decision of the task on the provision of links of the plane mechanism has been used. The received dependence characterizes gear function of the hinged mechanism. Application of the developed skeleton diagram of the arable aggregate and the received rational design data gives weakening of gear function by 2,4 times with 0,256 to 0,108. Introduction of this version of the diagram considerably reduces a negative impact of angular deviations of a skeleton of the tractor by quality of processingsoil. The offered approach gives the chance to develop structural models of a mechanical system "a seeder frame - a coulterand to carry out their kinematic analysis by method of closed vectorial circuits.