Innovative Technologies of Local Soil Amelioration Needs Proper Technical Equipment

Abstract

In humid regions of Ukraine soils with acid reaction are widespread. The basic methods of increasing of chemical and physical properties of acid soils contributes to increasing crop yields. However, recent studies suggest that the traditional system of land reclamation of acidic soils existing in Ukraine is not only a resource and energy-intensive, but often environmentally hazardous. In accordance with these technologies, lime ameliorants traditionally have been put separately from organic and mineral fertilizers, randomly on the entire arable land and have been plowed into the soil in an effort to create a homogeneous topsoil. A fundamentally new approach to solving the problem of increasing soil fertility with acid reaction and improving their agriecological condition is developed by the National Scientific Center ‘Institute of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry named after A.N. Sokolovskiy’ and is called innovative resource-saving and environmental friendly technology of local chemical amelioration. It provides the input of complex organic-mineral fertilizers local bands in the subsurface layer of soil. The proposed innovative technology allows to meliorate not the entire arable soil mass (about 3,000 t / ha), but its small part (190-200 t / ha), which makes it possible to save money on tillage and fertilization during ameliorantion. Still, the plants production output is similar to the output of the traditional amelioration. It is noted that the actual task for today is to provide the respective systems of machines and mechanisms for high-efficiency organic and mineral fertilizers and their local application to the soil. At the first stage the widespread introduction of innovative farming practiced in local reclamation technology the creation of a prototype of trailer tillage machine that simultaneously performs two basic technological operations of subsurface soil treatment and the local application of organic-mineral fertilizer complex action is very important. It was noted that the provision of innovative technology, modern local soil reclamation technology of domestic production is an important priority task of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. The innovative technology of local soil amelioration needs to be well equipped with Ukrainian machines immediately. It will serve as a factor of increasing of agronomy production and strengthening of the Ukrainian economy.