Justification and selection of agricultural machines based on selected working parts

Abstract

The approaches to the substantiation of algorithms for determining the composition of the machinery necessary for the implementation of mechanized technological operations based on certain types of working parts are considered. The indicators for agricultural machines that provide high-quality performance of the basic technological operations are studied: working width, kinematic length and width, working speed, aggregation resistance, drive power of working parts.
The factors affecting the actual working speed of each mechanized technological operation and the utilization factor of the width of the capture of the agromachine are determined. The actual working speed of each mechanized technological operation depends on the composition of the machine unit.
The width of the agricultural machines depends on the size of the fields, their configuration, the length of the headland, the slope of the terrain and the design width of the capture. The utilization rate of the working width of agricultural machines depends on the type of operation, the type of working part and the restrictions on agricultural requirements. An analysis of the studies shows that the dependence of the utilization rate of the working width of the arable unit depends on the speed of the operation and has a quadratic character. For machines that introduce plant protection products or feed the sheet, the utilization rate of the working width depends on the height of the nozzle above the surface of the soil and the angle of liquid spray. The factors affecting the power required to drive the working bodies of harvesting machines are considered. All of the above must be taken into account when creating mathematical models for the process of choosing the optimal composition of the machine park based on the type of working parts.